Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT)
Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) was developed in the late 1980s by Marsha Linehan. DBT incorporates a philosophical framework called dialectics. Dialectics is the way in which we can look at two ideas that seem entirely contradictory or opposite as each possessing an inherent truth. By viewing dilemmas through a dialectical lens, DBT therapists aim to help clients develop a more balanced view of themselves, others, and the world.
Along with dialectics, DBT has an emphasis on a behavioral approach. DBT therapists work collaboratively with clients to assess situations and target behaviors that will help clients cope with difficulties and move their lives in a positive direction.
In DBT, specific skill building modules include:
MINDFULNESS. This foundational skill helps clients strengthen their skill of focusing on the present, and learning to become more aware of internal states (such as thoughts, feelings, sensations, and behavioral urges) along with external stimuli or experiences (such what they smell, hear, or see). These skills can help clients focus on the “here and now,” so that they can cope effectively with distress and enhance their daily lives.
INTERPERSONAL EFFECTIVENESS. Clients learn how to identify and balance their objectives and priorities in interpersonal relationships. Skills in this module help clients maintain a positive and healthy relationship while also being true to themselves, their values, and getting their needs met.
EMOTION REGULATION. The emotion regulation module provides a set of skills that help clients identify, describe, and change their emotions. Through helping clients recognize and cope with strong, negative emotions, clients can reduce their emotional vulnerability and gain more control over emotional reactions.
DISTRESS TOLERANCE. Distress tolerance is a group of skills for when a difficult situation cannot be changed. The core of this module focuses on helping clients cope with or tolerate a crises situation, while keeping their long term goals in mind.